Bipartisan Bill Would Force Warrants for AI-Powered Mass Surveillance
A bipartisan coalition of lawmakers has introduced the Government Surveillance Reform Act, the most sweeping attempt in a decade to rewrite the rules governing how federal agencies surveil Americans in the age of AI. The bill, sponsored by Senators Ron Wyden (D-OR) and Mike Lee (R-UT) and Representatives Zoe Lofgren (D-CA) and Warren Davidson (R-OH), would require warrants for government access to Americans’ location data, web browsing history, search queries, and chatbot records (Source: Office of Senator Mike Lee).
The legislation directly targets the data broker loophole, a legal gap that allows agencies like ICE and the FBI to purchase bulk surveillance data from commercial brokers without judicial oversight. Federal agencies are technically barred from collecting data on U.S. citizens in bulk since a 2015 policy change, but purchasing it from third parties has functioned as an end-run around the Fourth Amendment.
Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei warned Congress that records the government can buy from brokers can be used by AI to assemble "a comprehensive picture of any person’s life — automatically and at massive scale" (Source: NPR).
The bill also reforms Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, which authorizes mass surveillance of non-citizens but has long functioned as a backdoor for warrantless searches of Americans’ communications. FISA’s current authorization expires April 20, and the renewal debate carries new urgency as AI automates the analysis of collected data.
"This is an incredibly dangerous authority to have as unrestricted as it is," said Matthew Guariglia of the Electronic Frontier Foundation (Source: Salon).
Over 130 civil society organizations have signed a letter urging Congress to close the data broker loophole in any 702 reauthorization.

